The Egyptian Museum was designed and built in 1858 in Bula, north of Cairo, by the renowned French archaeologist Mariette, known as the "Father of the Egyptian Museum" by Egyptians. Located on the east bank of the Nile River, it is one of the world's most famous museums, officially opened to the public in 1902. It houses a vast collection of historical artifacts from the time of the Pharaohs to the 6th century AD, containing over 300,000 artifacts, of which 63,000 are on display, approximately one-fifth of the total collection. Because of its extensive collection of Pharaonic artifacts, Egyptians often refer to it as the "Pharaoh Museum." Among the most prized artifacts are the pure gold coffin and the golden mask of the Pharaoh's mummy in the Tutankhamun tomb exhibition hall.
